Basic Spanish

Learn Spanish from Scratch: A Beginner’s Guide

Learning Spanish is an exciting and rewarding journey. If you are starting from scratch, this guide will help you build a strong foundation with essential vocabulary and numbers.


Basic Spanish Vocabulary

1. Animals (Los Animales)

  • Dog – Perro
  • Cat – Gato
  • Cow – Vaca
  • Horse – Caballo
  • Sheep – Oveja
  • Goat – Cabra
  • Elephant – Elefante
  • Lion – León
  • Tiger – Tigre
  • Bear – Oso
  • Rabbit – Conejo
  • Fox – Zorro
  • Monkey – Mono
  • Dolphin – Delfín
  • Whale – Ballena

2. Birds (Las Aves)

  • Sparrow – Gorrión
  • Pigeon – Paloma
  • Eagle – Águila
  • Parrot – Loro
  • Peacock – Pavo real
  • Swan – Cisne
  • Owl – Búho
  • Crow – Cuervo
  • Hawk – Halcón
  • Dove – Paloma
  • Stork – Cigüeña
  • Kingfisher – Martín pescador
  • Woodpecker – Pájaro carpintero
  • Hummingbird – Colibrí
  • Penguin – Pingüino

3. Colors (Los Colores)

  • Red – Rojo
  • Blue – Azul
  • Green – Verde
  • Yellow – Amarillo
  • Black – Negro
  • White – Blanco
  • Pink – Rosa
  • Orange – Naranja
  • Purple – Morado
  • Brown – Marrón
  • Gray – Gris
  • Light Blue – Azul claro
  • Dark Green – Verde oscuro
  • Beige – Beige
  • Gold – Dorado

4. Days of the Week (Los Días de la Semana)

  • Monday – Lunes
  • Tuesday – Martes
  • Wednesday – Miércoles
  • Thursday – Jueves
  • Friday – Viernes
  • Saturday – Sábado
  • Sunday – Domingo

5. Months of the Year (Los Meses del Año)

  • January – Enero
  • February – Febrero
  • March – Marzo
  • April – Abril
  • May – Mayo
  • June – Junio
  • July – Julio
  • August – Agosto
  • September – Septiembre
  • October – Octubre
  • November – Noviembre
  • December – Diciembre

6. Common Objects (Los Objetos Comunes)

  • Chair – Silla
  • Table – Mesa
  • Pen – Bolígrafo
  • Pencil – Lápiz
  • Book – Libro
  • Bag – Bolsa
  • Mobile – Móvil
  • Laptop – Portátil
  • Glass – Vaso
  • Spoon – Cuchara
  • Fork – Tenedor
  • Plate – Plato
  • Bed – Cama
  • Door – Puerta
  • Window – Ventana

Spanish Alphabet (El Alfabeto Español)

A – A
B – B
C – C
D – D
E – E
F – F
G – G
H – H
I – I
J – J
K – K
L – L
M – M
N – N
Ñ – Ñ
O – O
P – P
Q – Q
R – R
S – S
T – T
U – U
V – V
W – W
X – X
Y – Y
Z – Z


Numbers in Spanish (Los Números)

Counting from 1 to 50

1 – Uno
2 – Dos
3 – Tres
4 – Cuatro
5 – Cinco
6 – Seis
7 – Siete
8 – Ocho
9 – Nueve
10 – Diez
11 – Once
12 – Doce
13 – Trece
14 – Catorce
15 – Quince
16 – Dieciséis
17 – Diecisiete
18 – Dieciocho
19 – Diecinueve
20 – Veinte
21 – Veintiuno
22 – Veintidós
23 – Veintitrés
24 – Veinticuatro
25 – Veinticinco
26 – Veintiséis
27 – Veintisiete
28 – Veintiocho
29 – Veintinueve
30 – Treinta
31 – Treinta y uno
32 – Treinta y dos
33 – Treinta y tres
34 – Treinta y cuatro
35 – Treinta y cinco
36 – Treinta y seis
37 – Treinta y siete
38 – Treinta y ocho
39 – Treinta y nueve
40 – Cuarenta
41 – Cuarenta y uno
42 – Cuarenta y dos
43 – Cuarenta y tres
44 – Cuarenta y cuatro
45 – Cuarenta y cinco
46 – Cuarenta y seis
47 – Cuarenta y siete
48 – Cuarenta y ocho
49 – Cuarenta y nueve
50 – Cincuenta

60 – Sesenta
70 – Setenta
80 – Ochenta
90 – Noventa

Counting from 100 and Above

  • 100 – Cien
  • 101 – Ciento uno
  • 110 – Ciento diez
  • 120 – Ciento veinte
  • 150 – Ciento cincuenta
  • 200 – Doscientos
  • 300 – Trescientos
  • 400 – Cuatrocientos
  • 500 – Quinientos
  • 600 – Seiscientos
  • 700 – Setecientos
  • 800 – Ochocientos
  • 900 – Novecientos
  • 1000 – Mil
  • 2000 – Dos mil
  • 5000 – Cinco mil
  • 10,000 – Diez mil
  • 50,000 – Cincuenta mil
  • 100,000 – Cien mil
  • 1,000,000 – Un millón

Learning Spanish from scratch can be an enjoyable and rewarding experience. By memorizing these basic words and numbers and practicing daily, you will soon be able to communicate in Spanish with confidence. ¡Buena suerte!

(Good luck!)

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